Manufacture of bricks.



b No. 740,040. i I PATENTED SEPT. 29, 1903.

M. PERKIEWIGZ. 1 MANUFACTURE OF BRICKS.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 1- 1903.

v 3144mm.

AM QMM MQML R/L Q W UNITED STATES Patented S eptember 29, 1903.

PATENT OFF CE.

MAX PERKIEWIOZ, OFLUDWIGSBERG, NEAR MosonIN, GERMANY.

MANUFACTURE OF BRICKS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. '740,04=O, d.atedSeptember 2 9, 1903.

Application filed Tune 1, 1903. Serial No. 159,710 (No specimens.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, MAX PERKIEWIOZ, a subject of the Emperor of Germany,residing at Ludwigsberg, near Moschin, Germany, have-invented new anduseful Improvements in the Manufacture of Bricks, of which the followingis a specification. v

In the manufacture of bricks both in the drying and in the burningoperations soluble salts discolor the surface thereof, so that the saidbricks become spoiled or unsightly. It has been proposed to avoid thesediscolorations by coating the bricks immediately after they have beenmolded with flour paste; but

this is only successful in the case ofa few materials from whichbricks'are made, as the paste on drying is easily torn and peels off.

The brick is therefore not sufficiently protected against discoloration.Furthermore, the dried paste possesses the disadvantage that contactwith water (products of conden-- sation) from the smoke gases producesvisible results.

Now my experiments. have shown that by employing a solution of gelatinin which flour is mixed I obtain a coating which not only during thedrying process provides protection against the action of efflorescingsalts, but also sufficiently prevents the deleterious action of depositsand condensation during smoking. I have found that a most suitableresult is obtained with a mixture containing from one hundred and eightyto two hundred kilograms of .water, eleven kilograms of gelatin, andeleven kilograms of flour. The flour and gelatin are each first stirredwith water. The flour infusion or paste can be employed either cold orboiled. When used cold, it is' allowed to stand for from one'to two daysin order that it shall become acid and ferment. The thus-prepared flourand water is then mixed with the gelatin solution. The paste formed offlour and gelatin and aluminium sulfate, if necessary, can be appliedeither by hand or by the device shown in the accompanying drawing incases where the bricks are made in extrusion-machines. The deviceconsists, essentially, of the skate shaped chamber a, which is arrangedabove the brick column 2, issuing from the brick-pressin such a mannerthat a leather or felt strip d,

attached to it, scrapes on the said column.

The V which have for their object to regulate the length of the chamberaccording to requirement. The thickness of the layer of material isregulated by the leather or felt strip at, which rests upon the brickcolumn ,2, running on rollers e, and serves to homogeneously spread thecoating over the said column. The dried coating protects the surface ofthe molded bricks from efflorescing salts and also ofiers protectionagainst the action of the acid gases which are formed in the smokingprocess. Should the clay under treatment contain no aluminium sulfate,it is advisable to add a slight quantity to the flour and gelatinsolution. The aluminium sulfate, for which alum could be substituted,possesses the property of hardening gelatin in so far as it is renderedinsoluble and is not affected by water or moisture. In lieu of thealuminium sulfate any tanning liquor can be employed for rendering thegelatin insoluble. If on account of unsatisfactory preheating (smoking)condensation of moisture given off by the oven-gases should take placeupon the still cold bricks on burning, the products of condensation areprevented by the gelatin and flour from penetrating to the surface ofthe brick. If the gelatin coating is hardened by the aluminium sulfate,the acid products of condensation do not dissolve it. The cause is to beseen in the fact that the soluble salts of the clay contain aluminiumsulfate by which the gelatin coating is converted to a form in which itis insoluble in water and does not swell.

. Having'now particularly described and ascertained the nature of mysaid invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declarethat what I claim is- 1. The process of manufacturing bricks, whichconsists in first shaping them, then coating them with a solution ofgelatin and flour, substantially as described.

2; The'process of manufacturing bricks which consists in first shapingthem, then IOO coating them with a solution of gelatin and gelatin mixedwith flour, and aluminium sulfiour, then drying and firing them,substanfate, substantially as described. tially as described. 5. Aprotecting-coating for bricks previous 3. The process of manufacturingbricks by to drying and firing consistingof a solution of applying tothe surface thereof a solution of gelatin and flour, substantially asdescribed. I 5

elatin mixed with flour and a material havr ing a hardening effect upongelatin, substan- MAX PERKIEWIGL' v tially as described. Witnesses:

4. The process of manufacturing bricks by STANISLAUS KARL HEPKE,

1o applying to the surface thereof a solution of MICEZYSTAR LIPINSKI.

